概括地說，雄激素助長蛋白質的合成及擁有雄激素受體的組織的生長，睪酮的效用可以分為合成代謝及雄性化效應。合成代謝效應包括肌肉質量及力量的增長、增加骨質密度及強度、刺激線性生長及骨骼成熟等。雄性化效應則包括性器官的成熟（尤其是陰莖及胎兒陰囊的生成）、出生後（通常是在青春期）聲線的轉沉、鬍鬚及體毛的生長等。這些效應一般都是男性的第二性徵。

层次（鞘膜 · 白膜 · 血管膜） · 附件 · 纵隔 · 小叶 · 隔片 · 莱迪希细胞 · 塞尔托利氏细胞 · 血睾屏障

Testosterone triggers the event of the male internal and external reproductive organs in the course of fetal improvement.

精囊 · 精腺排泄管 · 摄护腺（尿道嵴／精阜／摄护腺小囊／射精管 · 摄护腺窦／摄护腺小管） · 尿道球腺

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: In CAH, genetic mutations (modifications) bring about shortages of enzymes while in the adrenal gland. These enzymes Typically assist the human body to supply cortisol, a hormone the human body demands to respond to pressure.

If a father's testosterone degrees minimize in reaction to Listening to their newborn cry, it is a sign of empathizing While using the baby. This is connected with enhanced nurturing conduct and far better outcomes for your toddler.[ninety two]

精原细胞 · 精母细胞发生 · 精母细胞 · 精细胞发生 · 精细胞 · 精子形成 · 精子

肾上腺髓质： 肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素 － 肾上腺皮质： 醛固酮、皮質醇、脱氢表雄酮

過度超量或是長期的使用睪酮，會導致睪丸及男性生殖器萎縮，且導致永久性的陽痿。如果為女性，則會出現乳房萎縮、刺激毛髮過度生長、陰蒂肥大貌似小陰莖和长胡子等種種男性化現象。

雄甾酮：雄激素分解过程中的副产物，也可以源于黄体酮。其在男性与女性的血浆和尿液中浓度大致相等，有轻微的雄性化作用，但效果仅为睾酮的七分之一。

由于睾酮能提升体能，一些运动员为保持体育状态或表现，会于赛前使用睾酮。男运动员在赛前数小时，可以将睾酮注射阴囊内，激化身体的状态。但现时大部分的体育项目都已把睾酮定为禁药。

在其他脊索動物的組織內也會有雄激素受體，而雄性及雌性對睪酮的反應也相當一致。在出生前雄性與雌性的睪酮劑量的差異，會導致在青春期或整個生命上的生物差異。

Dihydrotestosterone is accountable for sperm maturation through spermatogenesis, for the formation in the prostate gland and exterior genitalia, and for sexual maturation at puberty.

The relationship in between testosterone and aggression can also functionality indirectly, as it's been proposed that testosterone isn't going to amplify tendencies in the direction of aggression, but alternatively amplifies whatsoever tendencies enables a person to keep up social position when challenged. In many animals, aggression is definitely the implies of protecting social status. Even so, people have numerous ways of acquiring standing. This may explain why some reports look for a link among testosterone and Professional-social conduct, if Professional-social conduct is rewarded with social position. Thus the link involving testosterone and aggression and violence is because of these staying rewarded with social position.[128] The connection might also be among a "permissive influence" whereby testosterone does elevate aggression degrees, but only during the perception of allowing typical aggression amounts to get taken care of; chemically or physically castrating the person will reduce aggression ranges (nevertheless not eliminate them) but the person only requires a little-standard of pre-castration testosterone to Seen on Tiktok acquire aggression degrees to return to standard, which they're going to continue being at whether or not further testosterone is added.